In 2019, a remarkable discovery was made in the Chew Valley, Somerset, England, when metal detectorists unearthed a hoard of 2,528 silver coins dating back to the mid-11th century. This significant find, known as the Chew Valley Hoard, offers invaluable insights into the period following the Norman Conquest of England in 1066.
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Discovery of the Hoard
On January 26, 2019, metal detectorists Lisa Grace and Adam Staples, along with five companions, were exploring a field near Bath when they stumbled upon the hoard.
Their metal detectors signaled repeatedly, leading them to uncover a substantial collection of silver coins buried just beneath the surface. This serendipitous find has since been recognized as one of the largest collections of Norman coins ever discovered in the UK.
Composition of the Hoard
The hoard comprises 2,528 silver coins, including:
- 1,236 coins bearing the likeness of Harold II, the last Anglo-Saxon king of England.
- 1,310 coins depicting William I, also known as William the Conqueror.
Notably, some coins are “mules,” featuring the head of one monarch on one side and a design from another reign on the reverse. Additionally, the collection includes several “cut halfpennies,” which were pennies cut in half to create lower denominations.
Historical Context and Significance
The hoard is believed to have been buried between 1067 and 1068, a period marked by significant unrest following the Norman Conquest. During this time, England experienced various rebellions against Norman rule, including:
- 1067: Eadric the Wild’s rebellion, alongside Welsh rulers, attacking Hereford.
- 1068: William the Conqueror’s siege of Exeter.
- 1068: Raids by Harold II’s sons, Godwine and Edmund, along the River Avon and parts of Somerset.
The burial of the hoard may have been a response to these turbulent events, with the owner seeking to safeguard their wealth amidst the instability.
Insights into Medieval Practices
The presence of mule coins within the hoard suggests possible attempts at tax evasion. By reusing designs from earlier coins, individuals might have sought to circumvent the taxes imposed during that era.
This aspect of the hoard provides a fascinating glimpse into the economic strategies employed during a transformative period in English history.
Valuation and Acquisition
In October 2024, the Chew Valley Hoard was valued at £4.3 million. The South West Heritage Trust acquired the collection for the nation, with funding from the National Lottery Heritage Fund and the Art Fund.
Under the Treasure Act of 1996, the landowner and the finders will receive equal shares of the reward, acknowledging their roles in unearthing and reporting the treasure.
Conservation and Exhibition
Following its discovery, the hoard underwent meticulous examination and conservation at the British Museum, led by senior conservator Pippa Pearce.
As of October 2024, the coins are on display at the British Museum and are scheduled to tour various locations across the UK. Eventually, the hoard will find a permanent home at the Museum of Somerset in Taunton, allowing the public to appreciate this extraordinary window into England’s past.
Composition of the Chew Valley Hoard
| Coin Type | Quantity | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Harold II Coins | 1,236 | Silver pennies from the reign of the last Anglo-Saxon king of England. |
| William I Coins | 1,310 | Silver pennies from the reign of William the Conqueror. |
| Mule Coins | Various | Coins featuring the head of one monarch and the reverse design of another, indicating possible tax evasion practices. |
| Cut Halfpennies | Various | Pennies cut in half to create lower denominations, reflecting medieval currency practices. |
The Chew Valley Hoard stands as a testament to the rich and complex history of post-Conquest England. Its discovery not only enriches our understanding of the era but also highlights the enduring allure of uncovering tangible links to our shared past.
FAQs
What is the Chew Valley Hoard?
The Chew Valley Hoard is a collection of 2,528 silver coins from the mid-11th century, discovered in Somerset, England, in 2019.
Who discovered the Chew Valley Hoard?
Metal detectorists Lisa Grace and Adam Staples, along with five companions, discovered the hoard near Bath in January 2019.
Why is the hoard significant?
It provides valuable insights into the period following the Norman Conquest of England and includes rare coins that shed light on medieval economic practices.
Where can the hoard be viewed?
As of October 2024, the hoard is on display at the British Museum and will eventually be housed permanently at the Museum of Somerset in Taunton.
What is a mule coin?
A mule coin features the head of one monarch on one side and the reverse design from another reign, possibly indicating attempts at tax evasion during that period.
